9.1. CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHANGES ON INJURIES IN THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. MEDICAL
REHABILITATION FACILITIES
9.1.1. Traumatic disease
The term "traumatic disease" appeared in the 50s of the 20th century (N.N. Burdenko, I.V. Davydovsky, R. Clark). Traumatic disease - a syndrome-complex of compensatory-adaptive and pathological reactions of all the systems of the organism in response to an injury of various etiology characterized by staging and duration of the course, which determines its outcome and the prognosis for life and working capacity.
A traumatic disease is manifested directly and in the nearest time after a suffered injury:
• in disturbance of the integrity of various tissues and functions of specific segments of the musculoskeletal system;
• in local reactions to this disturbance (in particular, in the form of throm-bogenesis and termination of hemorrhage, inflammation, etc.);
• in general reactions of the organism.
On a severe traumatic disease, the most dangerous is traumatic shock, when under the influence of the most intense pain innervations associated with the injury, disturbed are the main processes of life-sustaining activity of the organism, regulation, and coordination of the main vital functions from the side of
the CNS.
Trauma - a powerful emotional and painful stress leading to changes in all the systems, organs, and tissues in the sufferers (psychoemotional state, activity of the central and vegetative nervous system, heart, and lungs, digestion,
metabolic processes, immunoreactivity, homeostasis, endocrine reactions), i.e., there occurs a homeostasis disturbance.
A significant effect upon the course of a traumatic disease is made by the applied treatment methods.